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Facial Discoloration
Beauty blog 29 January 2026

Facial Discoloration

Valentyna Stepanenko
Valentyna Stepanenko
Dermatologist
13134
Table of contents

What are pigment spots?

Which girl doesn't dream of having smooth and delicate skin with a beautiful, even tone? Beautiful skin makes facial features more expressive and perfect, drawing the attention of those around you. Meanwhile, dimples, roughness and pigment spots can spoil even the prettiest little face.

Today we will talk about such an aesthetic flaw as discoloration on the face.
Three pigment components are responsible for the tone of our skin – carotene, hemoglobin and melanin.
Hemoglobin, which is found in the blood vessels, is responsible for the red colour of the skin. This pigment most often manifests itself as a blush on a person's face.

Carotene is the pigment responsible for the yellowish tone of our skin.

Melanin is responsible for the overall tone of the face. In people with dark complexions, its content in the skin is higher; in people with fair complexions – lower. The pigment melanin has a protective effect on the body; for example, when the skin is exposed to ultraviolet radiation, melanin activates a barrier, its content in the skin increases and the skin darkens. Melanin is a kind of barrier; its proper content in the skin makes it possible to prevent sunburn, dermatitis and malignant tumors. However, if there is a deficiency or excess of this pigment in the skin, local melanization occurs, that is, the darkening of certain areas of the skin.

Let us analyse the types of pigmentation and the causes of its formation.

Freckles
Freckles are small spots of a brown shade, the intensity of whose appearance increases with the first rays of the sun. In autumn and winter, freckles are much lighter. The owners of freckles are mainly red-haired girls with fair skin. At the same time, the question of how to lighten the skin of the face arises extremely rarely for such girls, because in most cases freckles are their genetic “inheritance”.

“Solar” pigmentation

The sun is also a cause of the formation of pigment spots. Tanning enthusiasts who neglected UV protection measures may have noticed the appearance of dark spots on the skin in the place of healed sunburns. This phenomenon may also affect those people who use whitening cosmetics containing acids during the sunny time of year.
Age spots
Up to the age of 50-55, an intensive growth of melanocytes can be observed in the skin – cells that promote the production of melanin in the skin. An excess of melanin, as we have already said earlier, can lead to the formation of discoloration.

Melasma (Chloasma)

Melasma is a spot with uneven edges; it can merge from many small spots.
The main causes of the formation of melasma are hormonal changes in the body associated with pregnancy, menopause and the use of hormonal medications.

In addition, melasma may be a sign of certain diseases of the endocrine system, the gastrointestinal tract, the cardiovascular system and others. Its location on the face may indicate the location of the problem in the body.
Pigmentation on the temples, on the forehead or on the eyelids may indicate a pathology of the ovaries or diseases of the liver.
Melasma located in the center of the face speaks of problems with the stomach and intestines, while around the eyes – of thyroid diseases.

Lentigo spots (Lentigo).

Lentigo spots are a benign lesion of dark colour and round shape with clear edges. Their appearance is influenced by the action of UV rays and hormonal changes in the body.

How to remove pigment spots?

First of all, you should consult a specialist and rule out serious pathology of the body.
If, however, the problem is superficial, it is worth following these recommendations:
1) The first and perhaps most important rule is to use sunscreen cosmetics while in the sun. The SPF filter should be at least 15 for people with dark complexions and at least 25 for people with a fair skin tone.
2) Proper nutrition is the guarantee of the health of the entire body, including the skin! A sufficient content of vitamins B and C in the body promotes the proper content of melanin in a person's skin.
3) If the problem has affected you after all, the use of lightening creams will be effective. Phytogel 911 Lightening affects the melanin content in the skin, eliminating its residues; the natural lightening ingredients – bearberry and liquorice – not only promote the lightening of the skin, but also make it smoother and more even. In addition to lightening cosmetics, you should also moisturise the skin regularly.

If you follow these recommendations, take care of your skin and protect it, you will easily be able to get rid of discoloration or prevent its appearance.

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